Characteristic

Proteins

Carbohydrate

Lipid

Elements present

C H O N

C H O

C H O

Type of bond

Peptide

Glycosidic

Ester

Reagent in Tests

Biuret

Benedict

Ethanol

Simplest form

Amino Acids

Monosaccharide

Glycerol/Fatty acids

How bonds formed

Condensation

Condensation

Condensation

How bonds broken

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis

Formation of long chains

Polypeptides

Polysaccharide

None

Polar

Yes

Yes

No

Type of polarity

Hydrophilic

Hydrophilic

Hydrophobic

Dissolve in water

Yes

Yes

Basically No